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hormone  replacement  therapy  (HRT),  tricyclic   produce  energy  when  it  is  circulating  in  the  lymph  or
            antidepressants, adrenergic stimulants, thiazide diuretics,   blood.  This  conversion  takes  place  so  that  reduced
            antipsychotics,  statins,  most  chemotherapy  drugs,    ubiquinol  form  of  CoQ   can  provide  antioxidant
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            beta-blockers and oral hypoglycemics: both sulfonylureas   protection as it is being circulated throughout the body.
            and biguanides.                                      For decades, physicians have prescribed statin drugs
               Thus, it is easy to see why many people are coenzyme Q    in the belief that elevated LDL-cholesterol is a major risk
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            deficient due to poor nutrient intake from poor diets and   factor  for  cardiovascular  disease.  This  is  unfortunate
            the  fact  that  many  people  may  be  taking  one  or  more   because LDL-cholesterol is not a “bad” molecule. However,
            drugs that deplete coenzyme Q .                  when  LDL-cholesterol  becomes  oxidized,  it  becomes  a
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               The Drug-Induced Nutrient Depletion Handbook is   “damaged”  molecule  that  is  capable  of  causing  vascular
            out-of-print. However, I have created a Quick Reference   endothelial  injury  which  contributes  to  atherosclerosis
            Guide to Drug-Induced Nutrient Depletions. As part of   and cardiovascular disease. 9
            my commitment to help people improve their health, I am   A 1997 study by cardiologist Svend Aage Mortensen
            offering  this  Quick  Reference  Guide  FREE  to  everyone.   made the following important statement. Dr. Mortensen
            Use  the  link  below  to  get  your  free  copy  of  the  Quick   announced that CoQ is an antioxidant that is “packaged
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            Reference  Guide  to  Drug-Induced  Nutrient  Depletions   into the LDL & VLDL fractions of cholesterol.” This means
            and feel free to distribute this offer to your patients, family   that  LDL  cholesterol  is  the  “carrier”  that  transports
            and  friends.    LINK:    naturalpharmacist.net/dind  Let’s   coenzyme Q  around the body. It also means that when
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            Make Good Health Go Viral…!!! TM                 CoQ   is  being  transported  on  the  LDL  cholesterol
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                                                             molecule,  its  antioxidant  properties  enable  it  to  protect
            Coenzyme Q  Exists in Two Forms                  LDL cholesterol against oxidative damage. This explains
                       10
               Ubiquinone  is  the  oxidized  form,  which  has  a   why CoQ  helps prevent the formation of oxidized LDL
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            molecular weight of 864. Ubiquinol, which is the reduced   cholesterol,  which  is  one  important  way  that  CoQ
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            form, has two more hydrogen molecules in its structure,   reduces cardiovascular disease risks. 10
            giving  it  a  molecular  weight  of  866.  Ubiquinone  and
            ubiquinol are a redox pair (oxidation-reduction) that can   CoQ  Studies
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            be rapidly converted from one form to the other in cells,   In this section I will present some selected studies that
            lymph  or  blood  depending  on  the  demand  for  their   show  coenzyme  Q ’s  therapeutic  benefits  in  various
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            various functions.                               medical conditions.
            CoQ ’s Antioxidant Functions                     CoQ  & Cardiovascular Disease
                10
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               The reduced form of CoQ , ubiquinol, is a powerful   Over  the  past  40  years,  the  results  of  many  clinical
                                     10
            lipid-soluble antioxidant that provides critical antioxidant   trials  confirm  that  coenzyme  Q   supplementation  is
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            protection in the lymph and blood throughout the body.    useful in the prevention and treatment of many aspects of
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            Ubiquinol is the only known fat-soluble antioxidant that   cardiovascular  disease  such  as  congestive  heart  failure,
            human cells can synthesize.  In its reduced form, ubiquinol   hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias. 11
                                 5
            coenzyme Q  plays a major role in preventing oxidation
                      10
            in both the lipids that make up much of the structure of   The 2014 Q-Symbio Study
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            cellular membranes in cells throughout the body and also   Chronic heart failure patients (average age: 63 years)
            in lipoprotein lipids present in circulation.  Coenzyme Q    administered 3 × 100 mg of ubiquinone coenzyme Q  or
                                             6
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            can also recycle or regenerate other antioxidants such as   matching placebo daily for two years along with patient’s
            vitamin E  and vitamin C. 8                      conventional heart failure medicine.
                    7
                                                                 RESULT:  significantly  improved  symptoms  and
            Cellular Energy Production                       survival in the coenzyme Q  group.  Sub-group analysis of
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               The oxidized form of CoQ , ubiquinone, is required   just the European study participants showed significantly
                                     10
            for  energy  production  in  the  mitochondria  of  all  cells   improved ejection fraction in the coenzyme Q  treatment
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            except the red blood cells. Specifically, CoQ  is required   group. 13
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            in  several  steps  of  the  electron  transport  chain  in
            mitochondrial inner membranes, which is where cellular   The 2013 KiSel-10 Study
            energy, known as ATP, is produced. This is the work that   Community  living  senior  citizens  (average  age:  78
            earned Peter Mitchell his 1978 Nobel Prize.      years) administered 2 × 100 mg of ubiquinone CoQ  in
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                                                             combination  with  200  mcg  of  selenium  or  matching
            Bi-directional Conversion of Ubiquinone to Ubiquinol  placebo daily for four years.
               When  ubiquinone  is  taken  orally,  it  is  converted  to   RESULT:  significantly  reduced  risk  of  death  from
            ubiquinol during absorption and remains in its reduced   heart disease and improved heart function in the active
            form in the lymph and in blood. CoQ  is not needed to   treatment group.
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            Pelton—Coenzyme Q 10                                            Integrative Medicine • Vol. 19, No. 2 • April 2020  17
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